Toxic Shock Syndrome Explained
Discuss and described the pathophysiology and symptomology/clinical manifestations of TSS.
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening condition caused by toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus (TSS-1) or Streptococcus pyogenes (streptococcal TSS). These bacteria release superantigens, triggering an exaggerated immune response that leads to:
- Cytokine storm: Excessive inflammatory mediators cause widespread vasodilation and capillary leakage.
- Hypotension and shock: Rapid fluid loss leads to multi-organ failure if untreated.
- Tissue damage: In severe cases, necrosis and desquamation (skin peeling) occur.
Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations
Early Symptoms:
- High fever (≥102°F or 38.9°C)
- Flu-like symptoms (chills, headache, muscle aches)
- Gastrointestinal issues (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
Progressive Symptoms:
- Hypotension (low blood pressure) → dizziness, fainting
- Widespread rash → resembles sunburn, often on palms and soles
- Skin peeling (1-2 weeks later)…
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening condition caused by toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus (TSS-1) or Streptococcus pyogenes (streptococcal TSS). These bacteria release superantigens, triggering an exaggerated immune response that leads to:
- Cytokine storm: Excessive inflammatory mediators cause widespread vasodilation and capillary leakage.
- Hypotension and shock: Rapid fluid loss leads to multi-organ failure if untreated.
- Tissue damage: In severe cases, necrosis and desquamation (skin peeling) occur.
Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations
Early Symptoms:
- High fever (≥102°F or 38.9°C)
- Flu-like symptoms (chills, headache, muscle aches)
- Gastrointestinal issues (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
Progressive Symptoms:
- Hypotension (low blood pressure) → dizziness, fainting
- Widespread rash → resembles sunburn, often on palms and soles
- Skin peeling (1-2 weeks later)…
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening condition caused by toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus (TSS-1) or Streptococcus pyogenes (streptococcal TSS). These bacteria release superantigens, triggering an exaggerated immune response that leads to:
- Cytokine storm: Excessive inflammatory mediators cause widespread vasodilation and capillary leakage.
- Hypotension and shock: Rapid fluid loss leads to multi-organ failure if untreated.
- Tissue damage: In severe cases, necrosis and desquamation (skin peeling) occur.
Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations
Early Symptoms:
- High fever (≥102°F or 38.9°C)
- Flu-like symptoms (chills, headache, muscle aches)
- Gastrointestinal issues (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
Progressive Symptoms:
- Hypotension (low blood pressure) → dizziness, fainting
- Widespread rash → resembles sunburn, often on palms and soles
- Skin peeling (1-2 weeks later)…
