Functions of International Courts
Explain and describe the most important functions of International courts in international relations (include the different types of courts and give examples of cases in which those courts have been involved).
International courts play crucial roles in upholding international law, resolving disputes between states, and protecting human rights, thereby promoting stability and cooperation in international relations. These courts differ in jurisdiction, case types, and enforcement mechanisms, addressing issues from state conflicts to individual criminal accountability.
1. International Court of Justice (ICJ)
- Function: The ICJ, as the primary judicial branch of the United Nations, handles legal disputes between states and provides advisory opinions on legal questions referred by UN agencies and organs. The ICJ fosters peaceful resolution of conflicts and legal clarity in international law.
- Notable Cases:
- Nicaragua v. United States (1986): In this case, the ICJ ruled that U.S. support for Contras in Nicaragua violated international law, setting a precedent in respect for sovereignty.
- Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Uganda (2005): The ICJ found Uganda responsible for human rights abuses and exploitation in the DRC during the Congo conflict, highlighting accountability for cross-border military actions.
International courts play crucial roles in upholding international law, resolving disputes between states, and protecting human rights, thereby promoting stability and cooperation in international relations. These courts differ in jurisdiction, case types, and enforcement mechanisms, addressing issues from state conflicts to individual criminal accountability.
1. International Court of Justice (ICJ)
- Function: The ICJ, as the primary judicial branch of the United Nations, handles legal disputes between states and provides advisory opinions on legal questions referred by UN agencies and organs. The ICJ fosters peaceful resolution of conflicts and legal clarity in international law.
- Notable Cases:
- Nicaragua v. United States (1986): In this case, the ICJ ruled that U.S. support for Contras in Nicaragua violated international law, setting a precedent in respect for sovereignty.
- Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Uganda (2005): The ICJ found Uganda responsible for human rights abuses and exploitation in the DRC during the Congo conflict, highlighting accountability for cross-border military actions.
