Research Variables and Hypotheses
In your own words, define the terms independent, dependent, and extraneous variables; and, directional, non-directional hypotheses, and null hypotheses.
- Independent Variable:
- Definition: The independent variable is the factor or condition that is manipulated or controlled by the researcher in an experiment. It is the variable that is hypothesized to have an effect on the dependent variable.
- Example: In a study examining the effect of different doses of a medication on blood pressure, the independent variable would be the different doses of the medication administered to participants.
- Dependent Variable:
- Definition: The dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment. It is expected to change as a result of variations in the independent variable.
- Example: In the same medication study, the dependent variable would be the participants’ blood pressure readings after receiving each dose of the medication…
- Independent Variable:
- Definition: The independent variable is the factor or condition that is manipulated or controlled by the researcher in an experiment. It is the variable that is hypothesized to have an effect on the dependent variable.
- Example: In a study examining the effect of different doses of a medication on blood pressure, the independent variable would be the different doses of the medication administered to participants.
- Dependent Variable:
- Definition: The dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment. It is expected to change as a result of variations in the independent variable.
- Example: In the same medication study, the dependent variable would be the participants’ blood pressure readings after receiving each dose of the medication…
- Independent Variable:
- Definition: The independent variable is the factor or condition that is manipulated or controlled by the researcher in an experiment. It is the variable that is hypothesized to have an effect on the dependent variable.
- Example: In a study examining the effect of different doses of a medication on blood pressure, the independent variable would be the different doses of the medication administered to participants.
- Dependent Variable:
- Definition: The dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment. It is expected to change as a result of variations in the independent variable. Research Variables and Hypotheses
- Example: In the same medication study, the dependent variable would be the participants’ blood pressure readings after receiving each dose of the medication…
